From the sun in recent plateau often seen with engraved with scripture, prayer texts and statues of stones piled stone walls or rubble. We will call it - Mani stone. "Mani" is the sixth largest明咒Buddhist scriptures in the abbreviation, it is the Tibetan Buddhist Tantric Lotus Department fundamental mantra, as the central axis of this six-word summed up the entire Mahayana Buddhist values and goals. Are all effective ways to merit the origin, Negin free of traffic. Bodhi enlightenment can clean heart, with the exception of all the troubles,断除all垢染, all具足merit.
Mani stone performance of the subject matter is rich in early is a reflection of the indigenous Tibetan religion - Benism some designs, and later developed into灵兽animals, gods兽头person category, Buddhist scriptures, mantra and other symbols on the sixth category , as well as statues of Buddhist figures, and many other elements of art.
Buddhism in depth since the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the engraved with verses of Mani stone villages inhabited by the Tibetan Village have emerged one after another, almost every village has Mani rubble. Large village of up to six or seven. Today, almost every film has a residential area. In the temple is located,玛尼堆bigger and more.玛尼堆no fixed shape. Some were square, some oval-shaped, and some may form the wall, and some may tower. Most have a positive, usually east, facing the sun as a symbol of good fortune.玛尼堆on the sixth mantra, was portrayed in six colors: the first word for white, is the law on Tathagata color; second word for blue, is holding Jingang Tathagata color of law; the first three words for yellow, it is not moving Tathagata color of law; the first two words for the green, is measureless light Tathagata color of law; the first words in red, is not empty achievements Tathagata color of law; the first six-word in black, is five named the town of Dover common criminal law in addition to all the color, this indicates the people's hatred extinguished Sanjie, angry fanatic, desire, ignorance, jealousy and annoyance.
Tibetan Buddhist stone carvings art style categories: 1. Static good phase statues, such as Buddhas and Bodhisattvas, such as degree of the mother. 2. Angry with the statues, such as the Custodian of God in a series of large Wead Jingang, law enforcement Jingang, Maha Kavalan Rafah, Ma Tau Jingang, descending魔尊Yan, such as fixed-ming. 3. Both good anger of the statues of two expressions, such as intensive金刚, Lok King Kong wins, joy金刚, Kalachakra and so on. God statues in the law enforcement there are angry with good phase, as well as a combination of imaging division.
Ancestors engraved in the cliff on the first statue in a good system in sheep's clothing rubbing on the measure in accordance with strict painted on by the Buddha, and then cut its lines. Bonfire night will be used in sheep's clothing to enlarge the images projected onto the cliffs on the old quarry area, hanging from the cliff top will be the next cliff face lines sketched out the design so as not to make statues of imbalance, and then wait until daylight to carry out cutting lines engraved. Cliffs凿刻used when boarding tools are generally built with timber scaffolding, conditions in some places it is difficult to wet cow dung repeatedly threw in the cliff face, a few days to freeze into a "cow dung Ossetia" shun their climb and on operation. Thus, the contents of the Cliff stone in such a special method to incised, carved-yang, line carved, embossed, Shi Cai-art techniques, such as Tibetan Buddhism will be the charm of stone art show thoroughly, very enjoy state ... ...
Tibetan culture in the Stone Age rock carvings have been emerging, and its emergence can be traced back to the 7th century. Tubo Dynasty legend was No. 32 on behalf of Zamprogna (King) Songtsen order to select a new State, came to Lhasa River. When he was bathing at the river, see the brilliant flashes in the water毫光mapped to a rock show when the mysterious lines on the sixth mantra. A result, water and rock again showing auspicious seven-color rainbow, and opposite the rock show Avalokitesvara, blank lines mother and Ma Tau ming buddhas who like ... ... Song Zan Wang should this Kitchoan in Lhasa, capital valley. Since then, in Tibet, the most common form of artistic expression - stone, as mushrooming throughout the Tibetan areas. Buddhism prevalent in Tibet, the more enriched the possession of stone culture. These silent stones from tens of millions of years in nature is full of human culture and life breath.
For ensuring soil and water, praying the world Aetna, smallpox-like rain across the Qinghai-Tibet Mani stone earth, whether it is the dawn of fresh, bright afternoon, or evening calm, quiet moonlight night, they will find next to rubble Mani by the people through默诵scriptures devout. That occasional wilderness of rubble, the rubble solemn village street away the rubble, the water mellow stone pestle, shows mountain snow in the air, flashing the Lingguang Riyue Yuntianhua become vibrant in the magnificent -- - earth scriptures.
玛尼石
在离太阳最近的高原上，经常会看到用刻有经文、祈愿文和佛像的石块砌成的石墙或石堆。我们将其称为――玛尼石。“玛尼”是佛经中六字大明咒的略称，它是藏传佛教密宗莲花部的根本真言，作为中心轴式的这六个字，概括了大乘佛法的全部价值观念和奋斗目标。是一切善法功德的本源，涅解脱的大道。能证悟清净菩提心，除却一切烦恼，断除一切垢染，具足一切功德。
玛尼石刻表现的的题材十分丰富，早期是反映藏族土著宗教――苯教的一些图案，后来发展为灵兽动物类，兽头人身的神祗类，佛教经典、六字真言和其他符号类，以及佛教人物造像艺术类等诸多内容。
自佛法深入青藏高原后，刻有经文的玛尼石在藏族聚居的村寨里相继出现，几乎村村都有玛尼石堆。大的村子多达六、七个。而如今每片居民区几乎都有一个。在寺院所在地，玛尼堆更大、更多。玛尼堆没有固定的形状。有的呈方形，有的呈椭圆形，有的似墙形，有的似塔状。大多有一个正面，通常向东，因为面朝太阳象征着吉祥。玛尼堆上的六字真言，被描绘成六种颜色：第一个字为白色，是大日如来的法色；第二个字为蓝色，是金刚持如来的法色；第三个字为黄色，是不动如来的法色；第四个字为绿色，是无量光如来的法色；第五个字为红色，是不空成就如来的法色；第六个字为黑色，是五种姓佛共同镇除一切罪恶的法色，以此预示熄灭三界众生的仇恨、嗔痴、欲望、愚昧、嫉妒和烦恼。
藏传佛教石刻造像艺术的风格有几类：1.静态善相的造像，如佛、菩萨、度母等。2.忿怒相的造像，如护法神系列中的大威德金刚、护法金刚、玛哈噶拉、马头金刚、降阎魔尊、不动明王等。3.兼有善怒两种表情的造像，如密集金刚、胜乐金刚、欢喜金刚、时轮金刚等等。在护法神造像中还有怒相和善相，以及兼而有之的造像之分。
先祖们在山崖上镌刻佛像时首先会在一张揉制好的羊皮上按照严格的度量经绘上佛像，然后镂空其线条。于夜里用篝火将羊皮上的图案放大投射到石崖绝壁上，从崖顶吊下一人将崖面上的图案线条勾勒出来，这样就不会使造像的比例失调，等到白天再将线条进行凿刻。凿刻绝壁时所用的登临工具一般是用木材搭建脚手架，在一些条件困难的地方则是把湿牛粪一次次地投掷在崖面，几日后冻结成“牛粪梯”顺其攀缘而上进行操作。于是，摩崖石刻上的内容就在这样特殊的方法下以阴刻、阳刻、线刻、浮雕、施彩等艺术技法将藏传佛教石刻艺术的魅力展现得淋漓尽致，极尽情态……
藏族石刻文化在石器时代就已出现，而它的兴起可以追溯到公元7世纪。传说当时吐蕃王朝第32代赞普(国王)松赞干布为了选择新的国都，来到拉萨河畔。当他下河沐浴时，见水中闪烁的灿烂毫光映射到一块岩石上时显出了六字真言神秘的线条。随之，水面和岩石间又显现出吉祥的七色彩虹，并在对面岩石上显现观世音、空行母和马头明王诸佛身像……松赞王应此吉兆，于拉萨河谷建都。从此，在西藏最常见的艺术表达形式――石刻，象雨后春笋般遍及整个藏区。佛教盛行于西藏后，更加丰富了藏地的石刻文化。使这些沉默了千万年的石头从此在大自然中充满了人类文化和生活的气息。
为保一方水土，祈祷世间安泰，天花落雨般的玛尼石遍布青藏大地，无论是清新的黎明、明媚的午后，还是安详的黄昏、静谧的月夜，都会看到玛尼石堆旁有转经的人默诵经文虔诚走过。那旷野里偶遇的石堆、村头庄严的石堆、路边零落的石堆、水中圆润的石碓，透着山岭冰雪的气息，闪着日月云天的灵光，成为沧海桑田中波澜壮阔的――大地经卷。